On 9 October 2026 India backed an ITU proposal for joint trials of caller-identity verification, starting on bilateral routes. Four of its five national anti-fraud layers stop at the border, and the fifth works by refusing traffic rather than trusting it. That is why the corridor, not the country, is the next unit of progress.

The ITU's standards for signing a call have been published since 2020. The two Recommendations that decide who may issue a certificate, and whose certificate another operator should believe, are still in approval. A wholesale carrier's read of what that ordering means on a real international route.

Spain switched on hard blocking of unregistered SMS, MMS and RCS sender names on 15 September 2026 — then softened it three days early with a transitional pre-registration most coverage missed. What actually changed, how the Spanish, Irish, Australian and Singaporean regimes differ on the wire, and what a registry does not fix.